1. External and Internal Lightning Protection Combined
Modern LED street lamps are typically constructed using conductive materials, which can act like lightning rods. To ensure safety, it's essential to install a down conductor and a grounding network, forming an external lightning protection system. This system helps prevent fires and personal injuries caused by direct lightning strikes on the lamp posts. In addition to external protection, internal lightning protection is also crucial. It involves grounding and voltage surge protection inside the lamp to safeguard against indirect lightning effects such as inductive surges. These surges can damage power supplies and other sensitive components, which external systems alone cannot fully protect. The two systems work together—internal protection is connected to the external system or overvoltage protectors, ensuring equipotential bonding across various elements like the outer casing, incoming cables, and metal pipes.
2. Equipotential Bonding for Lightning Protection
To eliminate dangerous voltage differences caused by lightning, power lines, signal lines, and metal pipes must be connected through overvoltage protectors. Local equipotential bonding is also required at the boundaries of each protected zone. These local bonds should be interconnected and eventually linked to the main equipotential point, creating a unified and safe electrical environment that minimizes the risk of damage from lightning-induced surges.
3. Defining Lightning Protection Zones
In addition to power equipment, many LED street lights now include communication devices used for controlling brightness and switching. These components need to be placed within designated lightning protection zones, where they are shielded by the lamp’s outer casing. This shielding reduces the electromagnetic field strength inside the zone, offering better protection against lightning-induced interference and surges.
4. High-Quality Lightning and Overvoltage Protection Modules
Lightning arresters play a critical role in protecting electrical systems by quickly connecting the protected device to the equipotential system—within nanoseconds. This ensures that all ports remain at the same potential, reducing the risk of damage. When lightning strikes, the surge energy is directed to the ground through a short-circuit path, significantly lowering the voltage difference across device interfaces. This rapid response helps preserve the integrity of sensitive electronics and ensures long-term reliability of the lighting system.
Overall, a comprehensive lightning protection strategy combines both external and internal measures, proper bonding, well-defined protection zones, and high-quality protection modules. This approach not only enhances the safety of the street lighting infrastructure but also extends its lifespan and improves overall performance under adverse weather conditions.
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