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The essence of virtual instrument is to use the existing computer, plus specially designed instrument hardware and special software to form a new high-grade and low-cost instrument that has the basic functions of ordinary instruments and special functions that are not available in general instruments. It uses the computer's powerful graphical environment and online help function to create a virtual instrument panel to replace the traditional instrument to complete the instrument control, data analysis and display functions. The input and output of the virtual instrument is completed by hardware modules such as data acquisition card and GPIB card. The function of the instrument is mainly composed of software.
The structure of a complete virtual instrument system is generally divided into four layers:
1) Test management
Users use their applications developed by virtual instrument manufacturers to form their own set of test instruments. This is one of the advantages of virtual instrumentation, which makes it easy for users to build their own test instruments according to their own needs and style.
2) Application (program) development layer
Software development tools provided by the manufacturer, such as LabVIEW software from NI (NATIo nAL INSTRUMENTS), LabWindows/CVI software. Users can use this type of software for deep development to extend the original functionality of the instrument.
3) Instrument driver layer
Developed by the manufacturer, there are different driver interfaces for different types of instruments. In order to provide users with convenient and easy-to-use instrument drivers, 35 internationally largest instrument companies such as Tektronix, Hewlett-Packard Co. and American National Instruments have established the VXI plug & play system alliance and launched VISA (ViRTU-al Instrument). Software Architecture) standard.
4) I/O bus driver layer
Developed by the manufacturer to connect different types of actual instruments through the same standard bus to form a complete test system, such as the widely used VXI (Open Measurement System) bus system.
Virtual instruments utilize high-performance modular hardware combined with efficient and flexible software to perform a variety of test, measurement, and automation applications. Flexible and efficient software creates a completely customizable user interface. Modular hardware provides easy access to a full range of system integrations. Standard hardware and software platforms address the needs of synchronous and timing applications.