Application of HD-SDI in Metro HD Video Surveillance System

At present, many manufacturers have launched a new all-digital and open network video networking platform for HD-SDI matrix or HD-DVR. They can call matrix encoding or HD-DVR encoded video, and can realize mutual mutual interaction between subway stations. Integrated, alarm linkage, information integration and unified release and management of control information, with powerful data management functions, centralized management, retrieval, query, analysis and statistics of system data...

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HD demand key

HD has rich picture detail, wide coverage, clearer images, more obvious details, and better recognition. Therefore, it can be well applied in public places where the flow of people, vehicles and articles is dense. Moreover, by combining with intelligent video analysis technology, it provides high-definition video screen resolution for intelligent monitoring, effectively improving the reliability of intelligent early warning. Therefore, for subway monitoring, HD-SDI image clarity is undoubtedly the most critical technical indicator. Based on high-definition, subway demand mainly has the following points.

1. Provide high-resolution image and video information for key places such as subway entrances and exits, and high-definition cameras can generally achieve resolutions of 1280×960, 1920×1080, 2048×1536, and even 2560×1920. HD-SDI HD It can provide wide-angle and clear and high-definition images such as 1920×1080 and 1280×720, which can better capture all target details and achieve clear and identifiable requirements.

2. Provide a wider video coverage for the subway system. A high-definition camera mounted on the subway entrance and exit can replace the original 2 or 3 standard-definition cameras, or even more. Therefore, for the station area, the ticket window, the entrance and exit bayonet, the main entrance and exit, and the lobby, only a small number of high-definition cameras can be deployed to achieve the effect.

3. In addition to IP network cameras, HD-SDI HD currently supports 60 frames per second in both 720P and 1080i/1080P, and image fluency is twice as high as standard definition. It can support large-screen display and 16:9 widescreen display, which greatly enhances the viewing experience of operators on subway monitoring.

4. HD-SDI HD monitoring can provide more real-time, more detailed and clear video, creating favorable conditions for future intelligent monitoring.

HD-SDI HD front-end application solution

In the past, the subway monitoring system has been running under the mixed network monitoring and analog monitoring architecture. The network monitoring is divided into two modes: high definition and standard definition. At present, the subway system is still dominated by the matrix system and the network storage device DVR/NVR. Therefore, under the common shortage of LAN bandwidth and backbone bandwidth, local storage and remote video access cannot obtain good HD image effects. HD-SDI HD is adopted. The camera can solve the problem of front-end video quality and smoothness first. Secondly, when the existing line is a coaxial cable, it is easy to replace the original analog camera with the HD-SDI camera.

Metro HD-SDI HD application framework

In order to effectively propose the application solution of the HD-SDI camera in the subway monitoring system, the author will make a detailed analysis of the actual performance of the HD monitoring points using HD-SDI HD.

1. Metro station entrance and exit: The original system uses part of PTZ analog camera and megapixel network camera. The resolution of the simulated picture is insufficient, and the face features are not recognized. PTZ cameras can not cover a specific range at a time, and it is easy to produce a dead angle; megapixel network cameras have delays or frame loss before recording due to bandwidth problems, which makes the recording results incomplete and loses some details. With the HD-SDI camera, the 1080P image covers an entrance and exit range of approximately 2 to 2.5 times that of an analog camera, and is a live image before entering the storage system, with no delay or dropped frames.

2. Subway parking lot: using analog camera or PTZ camera, there is no clear picture for the vehicle entering and exiting and personnel entering and exiting, the license plate is not recognized, and the car light line obstructs the monitoring problem. After adopting the HD-SDI camera, the identification of the entry and exit personnel is improved. The license plate ambiguity is reduced, and the HD-SDI camera's wide dynamic and backlight compensation circuit capability is high, so the ability to solve the effects of lighting and backlighting dynamics is far better than the original analog system, of course, in the parking lot and DVR master There may be problems with the distance, but with the combination of the transmission medium and the converter, the HD-SDI camera can overcome the transmission distance problem.

3. Platform: Dynamic analysis is an important issue here. In order to grasp the crowd dynamics of the subway station and the crowd activities at the edge of the platform, it is also necessary to know the status of the train entry and exit station, and whether the screen door is functioning normally or not, so the platform level The camera has the highest density and function. In the past, in the normal state of the analog high-speed ball, there was no way to immediately capture the fine movements and clear image quality, thus giving HD-SDI an opportunity to apply at the platform level. The use of HD-SDI cameras here not only reduces the density of camera placement, but also enables HD-SDI high-speed ball inspection stations. As for the intelligent analysis capabilities that megapixel network cameras can provide, the HD-SDI camera ISP chip can also provide a complete solution for implementation on fixed or high-speed domes.

4. Ticketing machine and ticketing bayonet: In this part of the original subway, there are multiple sets of fixed camera modes. For the monitoring of the ticketing area, even only one high-speed ball is used to respond. Therefore, it is impossible to verify the ticket when the ticket is in dispute. The flow of the bayonet is also unable to clearly record the entry and exit process, and there is a dispute about the error in the video recording result. If the HD-SDI camera is also used in the two places, because of its non-compressing and non-delay characteristics, the ticket-selling process can be clearly recorded, and the image of the crowd entering and leaving the ticket slot is clearly recorded. From the adoption solution of HD-SDI cameras in the four key locations of the above-mentioned subways, the network megapixel camera is not the only option for HD front-end HD acquisition. It is necessary to evaluate how the solution is built and selected. When it comes to HD, the HD-SDI Metro HD solution is not just a front-end issue, but also needs to consider the content and methods of the transmission, storage and management solution.

HD-SDI system transmission solution

The subway transmission system mainly adopts LAN or coaxial cable conversion. In order to realize the processing and storage requirements of local information in the subway system, the remote transmission system is the key to the centralized monitoring and management system of the subway monitoring, and is responsible for uploading and dispatching various signals and commands. Realize centralized management, multi-level networking, information sharing, interconnection and mutual control. Remote centralized monitoring and management system. The subway is currently based on the local area network and completes data transmission via the Internet. After the front-end HD-SDI audio and video digital signals enter the DVR/NVR storage end, the audio and video signals are converted and then compressed and transmitted to the OCC. The control center control end, at the same time, the control end of the secondary monitoring center of each station, sends a control signal back to the monitoring front end to complete the two-way video control needs.

The video signal is transmitted from the front end to the storage DVR or NVR, and then to the subway OCC transport network transmission is subject to network bandwidth constraints. According to the current high-definition 720P specification, the code stream is about twice the bandwidth of D1 and reaches about 4M. The bandwidth used for calculating the code stream by 1080P is about 10M. Taking 100M Ethernet as an example, under the premise of ensuring smoothness, it can actually carry about 5 HD images at the same time. If multiple users access the same video source, the occupied bandwidth will be larger. Switching to Gigabit Ethernet can take up dozens of channels, and it can effectively solve small-scale high-definition monitoring systems. For large projects, due to the rapid development of optical fiber communication technology, the cost of optical fiber transmission monitoring systems is greatly reduced, so optical fibers and optical transceivers are Applications in subway monitoring systems will become more and more popular.

In addition, the signal transmission of HD-SDI in the subway monitoring system can be transmitted by coaxial cable with a short distance of 100-200 meters, or by a repeater to extend the transmission distance to about 400-500 meters. The long-distance transmission in the subway tunnel can be converted to fiber-optic cable transmission through the optical transceiver of the Fiber, and in order to meet the one-way or two-way transmission of the multi-channel HD-SDI signal, the optical transceiver also has a multi-channel optical wavelength division method such as WDM/DWDM/CWDM. The transmission achieves more than one HD-SDI fiber-optic signal transmission transmission requirement, which can make the HD-SDI camera signal transmission reach 30-70 kilometers. This kind of transmission application is based on the original optical network of the subway system, supplemented by other interconnection networks, maximizing cost savings and reducing the impact of bandwidth on HD transmission.

HD-SDI storage application

Most storage systems in the subway system use distributed storage. Both HD-SDI signals and analog or network HD images can be accessed and stored using embedded HD-DVR and HD-NVR. HD-SDI, this standard is mainly for resolution of 720P or 1080P, frame rate is 25 or 30, and the amount of data after analog-to-digital conversion is 1.485Gbps. The direct storage of such data is quite expensive. From practical considerations, video storage must be The compression process is performed, and the D1 image quality is used for recording, which not only does not damage the transcription of high-definition images, but also provides a real-time smooth video source. According to the 720P or 1080P@30 frame conversion video estimation, 400-650 megabytes of data per hour, about 350-500G capacity per channel per month, and so on to estimate the number of digital hard disk recorders required and Configuration.

Application of HD-SDI HD in Metro Monitoring Management Center

At present, many manufacturers have launched a new all-digital and open network video networking platform for HD-SDI matrix or HD-DVR. They can call matrix encoding or HD-DVR encoded video, and can realize mutual mutual interaction between subway stations. Integrated, alarm linkage, information integration and unified release and management of control information, with powerful data management functions, centralized management, retrieval, query, analysis and statistics of system data, including various event information and alarm information.

At present, many people in the industry are skeptical about the management platform of HD-SDI cameras. In fact, HD-SDI cameras will encounter problems in integration and centralized control, but the problems encountered can be solved through effective channels. For example, the front-end part adopts the transmission mode of the coaxial cable and the optical transceiver, and sends all the video signals back to the control center, and then decompresses the video and then connects to the large-screen real-time monitoring. At the same time, the signal is decompressed and then enters the HD-SDI with networking function. The video recorder, through the management platform software, all the SDI matrix or HD-DVR are networked and managed, which not only can meet the requirements of platform management, but also can realize the high-definition picture forwarding work of each station area of ​​the subway conveniently and quickly. At the same time, another solution is to decode and encode the video and then enter the high-definition NVR for storage and management.

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