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The AX88180 is a high-performance, low-cost Non-PCI Gigabit Ethernet controller developed by ASIX Electronics from Taiwan. It complies with IEEE 802.3, IEEE 802.3u, and IEEE 802.3ab standards, making it ideal for various embedded systems that require fast network connectivity. The device finds applications in streaming media, multimedia networks, and high-bandwidth transmission scenarios, such as audio and video content distribution, IP set-top boxes, digital recorders, DVD recorders, high-definition TVs, digital media adapters, home gateways, and IP TVs.
Internally, the AX88180 features a built-in 10/100/1000 Mbps Ethernet Media Access Controller (MAC) along with an RGMII interface to connect with the PHY. It also includes a host interface controller that allows seamless integration with 16/32-bit hosts using a similar SRAM addressing mode. The chip comes with a 40KB SRAM buffer for network packets, where 32KB is used for receiving data from the PHY and 8KB is reserved for sending data to the PHY. This buffer enables efficient packet storage, retrieval, and modification. Additionally, it has a 256-byte configuration register for host control and parameter setup, an internal EEPROM interface, and support for IP/TCP/UDP checksum offloads, which significantly reduce the microcontroller's processing load and improve transmission response times.
The AX88180 is equipped with 128 pins, divided into several interfaces including RGMII, HOST, EEPROM, power, and others. The pin layout is essential for proper system integration, with detailed pin functions provided for both RGMII and HOST interfaces.
In terms of system design, the AX88180 uses a 16/32-bit host interface that allows direct connection to an embedded microprocessor. The host can access the AX88180 like an SRAM, allocating 64KB of memory space. Addresses from 0000H to 7FFFH are used for receiving data, while 8000H to FBFFH are used for transmitting data. When data is received, the AX88180 sends an interrupt to the host, which then reads the data and processes it through the protocol stack. The RXII interface connects the AX88180 with the PHY, supporting full-duplex communication at gigabit speeds, and both full-duplex and half-duplex modes at 10/100 Mbps.
In high-speed data acquisition systems, the AX88180 is often paired with a microprocessor like the S3C2440A, which is a 16/32-bit RISC processor designed for handheld devices and low-power applications. The two components communicate via a bus interface, with the S3C2440A providing the clock signal and managing the data and address buses. The AX88180 communicates with the PHY using a simplified RGMII interface, ensuring reliable and fast data transfer.
Software development for the AX88180 typically involves a protocol stack, drivers, and application code. The driver handles initialization, data transmission and reception, and interrupt handling. Some drivers are available from the manufacturer, while others may need to be written by the user. An example of writing a PHY register in the driver is shown, highlighting the importance of proper software integration.
Overall, the AX88180 is a cost-effective and powerful solution for embedded systems requiring high-speed networking capabilities. Its versatility and performance make it a valuable component in a wide range of applications, offering a solid foundation for future network-enabled devices.
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